demos1264 ® 11-Дек-2018 02:12

Drag anchors for floating systems


Год выпуска: 1993
Язык: английский
Автор: P.Sincock, N.Sondhi
Жанр: Техническая литература
Издательство: HSE Books
ISBN: 0717606422
Формат: PDF
Качество: Изначально компьютерное (eBook)
Количество страниц: 84
Описание: This document has been prepared by MSL Engineering Limited and reports the findings of a study on Drag Anchors for Floating Systems. The objective of this study, which was commissioned by the Offshore Safety Division of the Health and Safety Executive, was to undertake a state-of-the-art review of present day practices for drag anchors.
Floating offshore structures and vessels are subjected to large environmental forces, and most rely on permanent or temporary moorings to withstand these forces. Some of these floating systems, for example Floating Production Systems (FPSs) and Single Buoy Moorings (SBMs) are required to remain on station for long periods, often several years. Other floating systems, for example Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (MODUs), use moorings which must not only withstand the severest weather conditions, but must also be capable of being rapidly and economically deployed and recovered. Most of these floating systems employ drag anchors as a fundamental part of their mooring systems. The performance of drag anchors therefore has a great influence on the reliability, integrity and operational safety of floating systems.
In the North Sea, the most frequent offshore deployment of drag anchors is by MODUs. More than 60 MODUs are currently in operation in the North Sea, indicating the considerable significance of drag anchors to offshore operations.
Anchors for offshore structures may be divided into four categories: drag anchors, deadweight anchors, pile anchors and embedded plate anchors. Drag anchors generate their holding power by embedding in the seafloor when pulled horizontally, mobilising the shear strength of the soil to resist the pulling force. Deadweight anchors depend primarily on their own mass to provide holding capacity, whilst pile anchors generate their holding power by mobilising lateral earth pressure and skin friction in the surrounding soil. Like drag anchors, embedded plate anchors gain their holding capacity from mobilising the shear strength of the soil, but are distinguished from drag anchors by not being self embedding.

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