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Hydrogen Sulfide: Human Health Aspects


Year: 2003
Language: english
Author: WHO
Genre: Collection of books
Format: PDF
Quality: eBook
Pages count: 92
Description: Hydrogen sulfide (CAS No. 7783-06-4) is a colourless, flammable gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs. It is produced naturally and as a result of human activity. Natural sources include non-specific and anaerobic bacterial reduction of sulfates and sulfurcontaining organic compounds. Hydrogen sulfide is found naturally in crude petroleum, natural gas, volcanic gases, and hot springs. It is also found in groundwater. It is released from stagnant or polluted waters and manure or coal pits.
Human exposure to exogenous hydrogen sulfide is principally via inhalation, and the gas is rapidly absorbed through the lungs. Hydrogen sulfide is metabolized through three pathways: oxidation, methylation, and reactions with metalloproteins or disulfide-containing proteins. Oxidation in the liver is the major detoxification pathway. The major oxidation product is thiosulfate, which is then converted to sulfate
and excreted in the urine. The methylation pathway also serves as a detoxification route. The toxicity of hydrogen sulfide is a result of its reaction with metalloenzymes. In the mitochondria, cytochrome oxidase, the final enzyme in the respiratory chain, is inhibited by hydrogen sulfide; this disrupts the electron transport chain and impairs oxidative metabolism. Nervous and cardiac tissues, which have the highest oxygen demand, are especially sensitive to the disruption of oxidative metabolism. In the central nervous system, this effect may result in
death from respiratory arrest.

Contents

1) Hydrogen Sulfide: Human Health Aspects, WHO 41 Pages, (Concise international chemical assessment document ; 53) ISBN 92 4 153053 7
2) Hydrogen Sulfide Monitoring and Safety, Nova Safety & Environmental, 49 Pages (Presentation)
3) Hydrogen Sulfide, OSHA, 2 Pages, Fact Sheet

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