International Marine Organizations (essays on structure and activities) - Kamil A. Bekiashev and Vitali V. Serebriakov [1981, PDF]

International Marine Organizations - essays on structure and activities

Year: 1981
Language: english
Author: KAMIL A. BEKIASHEV and VITALI V. SEREBRIAKOV
Format: PDF
Quality: Scanned pages
Pages count: 578
Description: Our planet is becoming.overcrowded. The explored land resources are gradually
being exhausted. It is no wonder that-man fixes his eyes upon the World
Ocean, the square of which more than twice exceeds the square of the land. Its
natural resources are great, though far from vast.
Man's activities in the World Ocean is developing in five main directions:
(a) use of the World Ocean as a world transport system on the basis of the
tonnage increase of merchant marine and especially tanker fleets; the development
of ports and harbors as well as port services; the improvement of
navigational, hydrographical and hydro-meteorological (including satellites)
services;
(b) intensification of marine and oceanic fisheries on the basis of gear
improvements; exploitation of new fishery regions; facilitation of techniques
of treatment and storing offish production; transplantation and commercial
aquaculture of marine living resources in the coastal zones and in some high
sea areas;
(c) increase of the volume of mineral resources being extracted from and
under the sea bottom; even now mankind takes from under the sea bottom on
the Continental shelf about one-fifth of all oil; the use of the resources of the
high seas: manganese nodules, metallogenesis sediments, etc.;
(d) increase of scientific research in the ocean on the basis of the development
of fundamental marine sciences; availability of new marine technology
including global oceanographic data collection and processing systems; satellite
oceanographic and meteorological systems; providing marine science
organizations with modern research vessels, submersibles, and floating platforms;
the development of radio-physical methods of ocean exploration and
atmospheric research; improvement of land weather forecasts on the basis of
more complete knowledge of the state and behavior of the ocean
environment;
(e) conservation of the marine environment and protection of marine
resources against pollution; designing and building special ships for this
purpose; technical and chemical means; the establishment of specialized
international organizations and services; implementation of international
monitoring pollution programmes; assessment of pollution influence on
industrial exploitation of the ocean.