Human Health Risk Assessment Toolkit: Chemical Hazards
Year: 2010 Language: english Author: WHO Genre: Manual ISBN: 978 92 4 154807 6 Format: PDF Quality: eBook Pages count: 105 Description: The production and use of chemicals are increasing worldwide. For example, the global output of chemicals increased approximately 10-fold between 1970 and 2010. In this respect, an important trend is being observed: chemical production continues to grow faster in countries that are not members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) than in OECD countries, and this trend is expected to continue and even accelerate. OECD estimates that non-OECD countries, which were responsible for about 17% of the global production of chemicals in 1970, will be producing 31% of an even larger world production in 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 25% of the global burden of disease is linked to environmental factors, including exposures to toxic chemicals. Lead exposure, for example, accounts for 3% of the cerebrovascular disease burden and 2% of the ischaemic heart disease burden worldwide. Some 9% of the global burden of lung cancer is attributed to occupational exposure to toxic substances, and 5% to outdoor air pollution. Lung cancer and mesothelioma are caused by exposure to asbestos, which remains in use in some countries. Unintentional poisonings kill an estimated 355 000 people each year, two thirds of them in developing countries, where such poisonings are strongly associated with excessive exposure to, and inappropriate use of, toxic chemicals, including pesticides. Despite what has been known for many years about the potential public health risks that can be posed by chemicals, these problems have not been fully addressed. They persist especially in developing countries, which typically have fewer resources for chemical risk management. This, together with the projected growth in the production and use of chemicals in the developing world, is likely to result in an increase in adverse effects on health if sound chemical management is not put in place.
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Human Health Risk Assessment Toolkit: Chemical Hazards
Language: english
Author: WHO
Genre: Manual
ISBN: 978 92 4 154807 6
Format: PDF
Quality: eBook
Pages count: 105
Description: The production and use of chemicals are increasing worldwide. For example, the global
output of chemicals increased approximately 10-fold between 1970 and 2010. In this respect,
an important trend is being observed: chemical production continues to grow faster in
countries that are not members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD) than in OECD countries, and this trend is expected to continue and
even accelerate. OECD estimates that non-OECD countries, which were responsible for
about 17% of the global production of chemicals in 1970, will be producing 31% of an even
larger world production in 2020.
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 25% of the global burden of
disease is linked to environmental factors, including exposures to toxic chemicals. Lead
exposure, for example, accounts for 3% of the cerebrovascular disease burden and 2% of the
ischaemic heart disease burden worldwide. Some 9% of the global burden of lung cancer is
attributed to occupational exposure to toxic substances, and 5% to outdoor air pollution. Lung
cancer and mesothelioma are caused by exposure to asbestos, which remains in use in some
countries. Unintentional poisonings kill an estimated 355 000 people each year, two thirds of
them in developing countries, where such poisonings are strongly associated with excessive
exposure to, and inappropriate use of, toxic chemicals, including pesticides.
Despite what has been known for many years about the potential public health risks that can
be posed by chemicals, these problems have not been fully addressed. They persist especially
in developing countries, which typically have fewer resources for chemical risk management.
This, together with the projected growth in the production and use of chemicals in the
developing world, is likely to result in an increase in adverse effects on health if sound
chemical management is not put in place.
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