gillnumil ® 17-Мар-2022 07:38

Marine and Coastal Resource Management


Year: 2021
Language: english
Author: Reeta Pal
Format: EPUB
Quality: eBook
Pages count: 23
Description: Humans have lived along the coast plains since the Neolithic. They had to deal with sea level rise and subsidence, but they didn't have the technology to stop these events. The sea level rose approximately 5% after stabilization. 6.000 years. B.P. allowed coastal colonization, but river sediment input was increased greatly where mountain deforestation took place: settlements were removed from the shore, and harbour siltation was observed. Shore erosion was limited at that time, and local solutions were found: clay dikes and wood piles, fascinates, and rock revetments. Since the Middle Ages, more complicated structures have been built along the Mediterranean and in China and Japan. Human development has facilitated a coast erosion that is now threatening most of the world's coastlines. This includes river bed quarrying and wetland reclamation. Dam construction. From the Venetian Murazzi to the 114-km-long concrete element defense at the Yellow River delta, shore protection structures have evolved in response to different needs (protect coastal communication channels, urban and industrial settlements as well as tourist resorts). The intensive use of marine aggregates is replacing the inland quarried materials used for beach nourishment. "Green engineering" has recently revived the vernacular solution that was left to undeveloped nations. With Sea Level Rise, however, the question of whether to retreat, accommodate, or defend is still open.
Genesis
In the second half of 1970, there was growing concern about the possibility of coastal erosion in Barbados. This concern was primarily an economic concern that affected the property owner, but could also have a longer-term impact on the country as the tourism industry was rapidly becoming the main source of foreign currency. Media portrayed undesirable changes along the coast to draw attention to this problem. These changes were deemed to be a threat to the island's economic, physical, and social well-being. The concept of coastal zone management was created to address beach erosion and protect the benefits of the tourism industry. This was particularly important because the island had changed its economic development from one that heavily relied upon sugar to one that almost exclusively relied on beach tourism in the 1980's. CZM in Barbados was therefore a problem solving activity in coastal conservation. CZM was thus considered a solution activity in coastal conservation in Barbados. The problem being beach erosion, and in a larger context, a rapidly developing coastline fringe.

Contents

Chapter 1: History
Chapter 2: Planning approaches
Chapter 3: Construction Techniques
Chapter 4: Monitoring
Chapter 5: Coastal Resource Management Planning

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