Year: 2020 Language: english Author: ABS Genre: Other Publisher: ABS Format: PDF Quality: eBook Pages count: 24 Description: The adoption of the ‘Initial International Maritime Organization (IMO) Strategy on Reduction of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions from Ships’ by IMO Resolution MEPC.304(72) in April 2018 demonstrates IMO’s commitment to support the Paris Agreement. The IMO strategy includes initial targets to reduce as compared to 2008 levels the average CO2 emissions per ‘transport work’ by at least 40 percent by 2030, aiming to pursue 70 percent reduction by 2050; and an ambition to reduce the total annual GHG emissions from shipping by at least 50% by 2050. Technical approaches, operational approaches and alternative fuels may be used to achieve these goals. The near-term regulatory changes and the future impact of the IMO’s greenhouse gas (GHG) targets for 2030 and 2050 should be considered when making the long-term decision on fuel selection. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is a relatively mature low-carbon fuel, comprised primarily of methane. Its carbon to hydrogen (C/H) ratio offers a reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of up to 20 percent compared to baseline heavy fuel oil. In combination with latest technological improvements and/or operational measures, LNG may be a viable option to meet the 2030 emission reduction goals. This paper focuses on selected practical considerations for LNG as a marine fuel and summarizes the relevant vessel design and operational aspects with reference also made to relevant technological advancements. The information provided can support the decision-making process for future ship designs, propulsion systems, and fueling strategies. It is an overview of the key aspects considered for LNG as fuel, addressing bunkering, vessel arrangements, fuel containment, fuel gas supply systems, single gas and dual fuel main engines. The adaptation of LNG as fuel depends on case-specific requirements and therefore the information provided in this paper concentrates on the areas that apply broadly to LNG as fuel installations. This document provides practical pointers in the use of LNG as marine fuel and is intended to supplement the ABS Advisory on Gas and Other Low Flashpoint Fuels. Information provided in this document is generic in nature. For specific guidance on LNG as marine fuel the local ABS office may be contacted.
Contents
OVERVIEW 1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 2 Concept Evaluation and Risk Assessment 2 Vessel Arrangements 5 Fuel Storage 7 Boil-Off Gas 8 Fuel Gas Supply Systems 8 Combustion of LNG 9 Total Cost of Ownership 10 Dual Fuel Engine Conversion 10 Dual Fuel Engine Emission Profiles 10 Bunkering System 11 OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS 12 Loading Limit 12 Handling Risk 13 Ship Procedures 13 Simultaneous Operations 14 Maintenance 14 Training and Qualification 14 Charter Parties, Contracts and Bunkering Agreements 15 Dry Docking 15 ONGOING RESEARCH 16 Methane Slip 16 ABS SUPPORT 16 APPENDIX 1: LIST OF ITEMS TO CONSIDER 17 APPENDIX 2: REFERENCES 18 APPENDIX 3: LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 20
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Sustainability Whitepaper LNG as Marine Fuel
Language: english
Author: ABS
Genre: Other
Publisher: ABS
Format: PDF
Quality: eBook
Pages count: 24
Description: The adoption of the ‘Initial International Maritime Organization (IMO) Strategy on Reduction of Greenhouse Gas
(GHG) Emissions from Ships’ by IMO Resolution MEPC.304(72) in April 2018 demonstrates IMO’s commitment to support
the Paris Agreement. The IMO strategy includes initial targets to reduce as compared to 2008 levels the average CO2
emissions per ‘transport work’ by at least 40 percent by 2030, aiming to pursue 70 percent reduction by 2050; and
an ambition to reduce the total annual GHG emissions from shipping by at least 50% by 2050. Technical approaches,
operational approaches and alternative fuels may be used to achieve these goals.
The near-term regulatory changes and the future impact of the IMO’s greenhouse gas (GHG) targets for 2030 and
2050 should be considered when making the long-term decision on fuel selection. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is
a relatively mature low-carbon fuel, comprised primarily of methane. Its carbon to hydrogen (C/H) ratio offers a
reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of up to 20 percent compared to baseline heavy fuel oil. In combination
with latest technological improvements and/or operational measures, LNG may be a viable option to meet the 2030
emission reduction goals.
This paper focuses on selected practical considerations for LNG as a marine fuel and summarizes the relevant vessel
design and operational aspects with reference also made to relevant technological advancements.
The information provided can support the decision-making process for future ship designs, propulsion systems,
and fueling strategies. It is an overview of the key aspects considered for LNG as fuel, addressing bunkering, vessel
arrangements, fuel containment, fuel gas supply systems, single gas and dual fuel main engines. The adaptation of
LNG as fuel depends on case-specific requirements and therefore the information provided in this paper concentrates
on the areas that apply broadly to LNG as fuel installations.
This document provides practical pointers in the use of LNG as marine fuel and is intended to supplement the ABS
Advisory on Gas and Other Low Flashpoint Fuels. Information provided in this document is generic in nature. For
specific guidance on LNG as marine fuel the local ABS office may be contacted.
Contents
OVERVIEW 1DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 2
Concept Evaluation and Risk Assessment 2
Vessel Arrangements 5
Fuel Storage 7
Boil-Off Gas 8
Fuel Gas Supply Systems 8
Combustion of LNG 9
Total Cost of Ownership 10
Dual Fuel Engine Conversion 10
Dual Fuel Engine Emission Profiles 10
Bunkering System 11
OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS 12
Loading Limit 12
Handling Risk 13
Ship Procedures 13
Simultaneous Operations 14
Maintenance 14
Training and Qualification 14
Charter Parties, Contracts and Bunkering Agreements 15
Dry Docking 15
ONGOING RESEARCH 16
Methane Slip 16
ABS SUPPORT 16
APPENDIX 1: LIST OF ITEMS TO CONSIDER 17
APPENDIX 2: REFERENCES 18
APPENDIX 3: LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 20
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