Year: 1970 Language: English Author: James B. Sweeney Genre: Guide Publisher: Crown Publishers Format: PDF Quality: Scanned pages + text layer Pages count: 310 Description: Oceanography and space explorations are the last two frontiers mankind is now in the process of conquering. Of the two, oceanography is by far the most ancient, having had its beginnings in the days when Egyptian and Greek mariners, breathing through reeds, walked below the sea's surface to attack and sink enemy ships. These primitive war operations could well be considered the predecessors of modern atomic submarine warfare. So too could Alexander the Great's early descent to the ocean floor in a crudely constructed barrel be designated the forerunner of our modern SEALAB and TEKTITE submersibles and underwater habitats. This enthralling development of the whole story of oceanographic submersibles from prehistoric times to today is told in hundreds of pictures and thrilling text. The advances made in each period of their history can be clearly seen. From the weird Greek, Roman, and Persian contraptions designed to let man breathe and move about under water, he rapidly progresses to the more scientific achievements of the seventeenth century: Halley's diving bells and Van Drebbel's so-called submarine; then to the first American submarine Bushnell's Turtle used in the American Revolution. Now follows a parade of submarine innovators and their inventions, including Robert Fulton's Nautilus; Hunley's David, which during the Civil War sank the Union ship Housatonic; John Holland's many models of his Holland class; American, English, German, Russian, and Japanese submarines of World Wars I and II ending with the American atomic classes of submarines from the first one, the U.S.S. Nautilus, to the polaris-missile-equipped U.S.S. George Washington. Simultaneous with the development of submersibles for war was the designing of submersibles for researching the ocean depths and fathoming the mysteries of the deep. In the post-World War I era, William Beebe in his Bathysphere, a submersible of less than five feet in diameter, reached an astounding depth of 1,426 feet. In 1968, the newest submersible Deep Quest planted an American flag on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean at a record depth of 8,310 feet. The author describes and illustrates these feats and those of all the other major submersibles and brings his account up to date with the Bev Franklin, in which Dr. Jacques Piccard recently explored the entire length of the Gulf Stream. What does the future of oceanography hold? In a long section with nearly one hundred illustrations the author explains the underwater habitats now on researchers' drawing boards and envisions submerged cities where man can live and work for indefinite periods of time. He describes fully the new principles and practices of saturation diving, by which men can be given a chemically-balanced breathing-gas mixture that makes possible underwater living. (Recently, aquanauts on TEKTITE I spent two months on the ocean bottom, just a prelude to what is planned in the near future.) Included are pictorial descriptions of hydrographic ships, diving devices, and decompression chambers all of which are so vital to the successful operations of the submersibles themselves.
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A Pictorial History of Oceanographic Submersibles
Language: English
Author: James B. Sweeney
Genre: Guide
Publisher: Crown Publishers
Format: PDF
Quality: Scanned pages + text layer
Pages count: 310
Description: Oceanography and space explorations are the last two frontiers mankind is now in the process of conquering. Of the two, oceanography is by far the most ancient, having had its beginnings in the days when Egyptian and Greek mariners, breathing through reeds, walked below the sea's surface to attack and sink enemy ships. These primitive war operations could well be considered the predecessors of modern atomic submarine warfare. So too could Alexander the Great's early descent to the ocean floor in a crudely constructed barrel be designated the forerunner of our modern SEALAB and TEKTITE submersibles and underwater habitats.
This enthralling development of the whole story of oceanographic submersibles from prehistoric times to today is told in hundreds of pictures and thrilling text. The advances made in each period of their history can be clearly seen. From the weird Greek, Roman, and Persian contraptions designed to let man breathe and move about under water, he rapidly progresses to the more scientific achievements of the seventeenth century: Halley's diving bells and Van Drebbel's so-called submarine; then to the first American submarine Bushnell's Turtle used in the American Revolution.
Now follows a parade of submarine innovators and their inventions, including Robert Fulton's Nautilus; Hunley's David, which during the Civil War sank the Union ship Housatonic; John Holland's many models of his Holland class; American, English, German, Russian, and Japanese submarines of World Wars I and II ending with the American atomic classes of submarines from the first one, the U.S.S. Nautilus, to the polaris-missile-equipped U.S.S. George Washington.
Simultaneous with the development of submersibles for war was the designing of submersibles for researching the ocean depths and fathoming the mysteries of the deep. In the post-World War I era, William Beebe in his Bathysphere, a submersible of less than five feet in diameter, reached an astounding depth of 1,426 feet. In 1968, the newest submersible Deep Quest planted an American flag on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean at a record depth of 8,310 feet. The author describes and illustrates these feats and those of all the other major submersibles and brings his account up to date with the Bev Franklin, in which Dr. Jacques Piccard recently explored the entire length of the Gulf Stream.
What does the future of oceanography hold? In a long section with nearly one hundred illustrations the author explains the underwater habitats now on researchers' drawing boards and envisions submerged cities where man can live and work for indefinite periods of time. He describes fully the new principles and practices of saturation diving, by which men can be given a chemically-balanced breathing-gas mixture that makes possible underwater living. (Recently, aquanauts on TEKTITE I spent two months on the ocean bottom, just a prelude to what is planned in the near future.) Included are pictorial descriptions of hydrographic ships, diving devices, and decompression chambers all of which are so vital to the successful operations of the submersibles themselves.
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A Pictorial History of Oceanographic Submersibles
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