Ferreirolo ® 09-Июн-2020 19:22

Sea Ice engineering, theory and application


Year: 2010
Language: english
Author: Claude G. Daley
Genre: Textbook
Publisher: Claude G. Daley
Edition: 1
ISBN: n/a
Format: PDF
Quality: eBook
Pages count: 154
Description: Ice engineering covers a variety of subjects, mainly involving the interaction of ice with marine structures, as well as the use of ice as a construction material. The focus of this presentation is on ocean and offshore applications. While much of the material on ice properties and mechanics also applies to other ice engineering topics (such as river ice and coastal ice problems), the applications focus here will be on the action of ice on offshore structures and the interaction of ships and ice. A partial list of topics of interest would include:
 Powering and performance of ships in ice
 Structural design of icebreaking ships
 Design of offshore structures in ice
 Assessment of ice loads in various situations
 Model scale simulation of ship-ice interaction
 Study of iceberg behavior for management and towing
Ice engineering is a wonderful field of study, mainly because there is still so much to study. Like the Polar Regions, the field has been only partially explored, by a relative few. Luckily for many of us, interest in the subject is again growing strongly. This course will aim to cover the basic ideas and methods.
Glaciology is the name for ice science. It is the scientific study of all forms and properties of ice, not just the study of glaciers. A lot is known about ice as a substance. We know its chemical structure, its morphology (form and structure) and its thermodynamic properties. Glaciology provides one of the fundamental supports for ice engineering.
Newtonian and continuum mechanics provides a second fundamental support for ice engineering. We can borrow much from Newton as we seek to understand how ice behaves as it contacts ships and structures.
The third leg holding up much of ice engineering knowledge is field and experimental observations, together with a lot of guesswork. Ice behavior is often exceedingly complex. When ice contacts a structure, the result is a cascade of fractures and pulverization. Continuum mechanics models, smooth as they are, have never really explained the discontinuous mess that is broken ice. We do have models, even some good ones. We just have too many different models. For the present, ice engineers need to be aware of the empirical evidence and the various models that have been proposed to explain the observations.

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