New Frontiers in the Neolithic Archaeology of Taiwan (5600–1800 BP)
Year: 2019 Language: english Author: Su-chiu Kuo Genre: Textbook Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9813292628 Format: PDF Quality: eBook Pages count: 241 Description: This book summarizes the systematic research on the Neolithic cultures of Taiwan, based on the latest archaeological discoveries, and focusing on the maritime between mainland southeast China, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia during (5600-1800 BP). The study demonstrates and sheds light on the distinctiveness of Taiwan’s Neolithic cultures, their interactions with the external cultures of its surrounding regions, the maritime cultural diffusion, and early seafaring across sea regions like the Taiwan Strait, Bashi Channel, and the South China Sea. Drawing on the author’s deep understanding of Taiwan and its surrounding regions, the book also incorporates recent archeological findings by Taiwanese researchers. Further, based on a new reconstruction of the spatiotemporal framework of Taiwanese prehistoric cultures, the chronologically arranged chapters discuss Neolithic cultures of the early,
Contents
Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Taiwan as a Cultural Stepping Stone between Continental East Asia and the Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 A Review of Research into Taiwan’s Prehistoric Cultures: From Material Culture to the Origin of Austronesians. . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2.1 Early Investigations into the Origins of Material Cultures by Japanese Scholars in Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2.2 Archaeological Research by Scholars from Both Sides of the Taiwan Strait: Discussion of Cultural Interactions between Continental Asia and Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.2.3 Western Scholars’ Research into the Origins of the Austronesian Peoples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1.3 Methodology and Framework of This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 1.3.1 Synthesis of Archaeological Materials and Reconstruction of a Chronology of Prehistoric Cultures of Taiwan . . . . . . 20 1.3.2 Conducting Synchronically Comparative Research on Mainland-Islands Prehistoric Cultural Interactions . . . . . . . 21 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2 Spatial-Temporal Framework for the Prehistoric Cultures of Taiwan (5600–1800 BP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.1 Revision of the Spatial-temporal Framework for the Neolithic Cultures of Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.1.1 Summary of the Cultural Sequence of Neolithic Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.1.2 Spatial Distribution of Neolithic Cultures in Taiwan . . . . . 31 2.1.3 New Recognition of the Chronology of Taiwan’s Prehistory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 vii 2.2 Spatial Interaction and Temporal Evolution of Taiwan’s Neolithic Cultures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 2.2.1 Spatial Patterns of Neolithic Taiwan—The Sub-regional Cultural Sequences Developing Separately in Northern, Central, Southern, and Eastern Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 2.2.2 Temporal Sequences of Neolithic Taiwan—Cultural Commonalities Respectively during the Early, Middle, Late, and Final Neolithic Ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 2.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 2.3.1 Unification of Diverse Cultures in Prehistoric Taiwan . . . . 48 2.3.2 Maritime Cultural Contacts between Taiwan and External Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 3 Archaeological Cultures and Their Maritime Interactions during the Tapenkeng Period (5600–4200 BP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3.1 Archaeological Cultures during the Tapenkeng Period . . . . . . . . . 55 3.1.1 Northern Taiwan: Shuntanpu Early Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3.1.2 Central Taiwan: Niumatou Early Culture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 3.1.3 Southern Taiwan: Kuoyeh Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 3.1.4 Eastern Taiwan: Tapenkeng Period Features of the Yuemei III and Changkuang Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 3.1.5 Commonalities and Regional Characteristics Among Cultures of Tapenkeng Period in Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 3.2 Maritime Interactions with External Prehistoric Cultures during the Tapenkeng Period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 3.2.1 Overview of Interactions between Taiwan’s Prehistoric Cultures and the Southeast Coast of Continental East Asia during the Tapenkeng Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 3.2.2 Influence of Liangzhu Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 3.2.3 Influence of Lower Layer of Keqiutou Culture and Lower and Middle Layers of Tanshishan Culture in Fujian . . . . . . 86 3.2.4 Commonalities and Interactions with Xiantouling-Tawan Culture in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong. . . . . . . . . . . 87 3.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 4 Archaeological Cultures during the Successive Period of TPK and Their Maritime Connections (4200–3200 BP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 4.1 Archaeological Culture of the Successive Period of TPK . . . . . . . 99 4.1.1 Northern Taiwan: Shuntanpu Late Culture. . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 4.1.2 Central Taiwan: Niumatou Late Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 4.1.3 Southern Taiwan: Niuchoutsu Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 viii Contents 4.1.4 Eastern Taiwan: Takeng and Fushan Cultures . . . . . . . . . . 114 4.1.5 Sustained Development of the Successive Period of TPK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 4.2 Maritime Interactions and Exchanges during the Successive Period of TPK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 4.2.1 Maritime Interactions between the Niuchoutsu and Maqiao Cultures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 4.2.2 Cross Strait Exchange between Shuntanpu Late Culture and Fujian’s Zhuangbianshan Upper Layer Type . . . . . . . . 129 4.2.3 Exchanges between the Successive Period of TPK and Southern Fujian Bronze Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 4.2.4 Interactions between the Successive Period of TPK and Late Baojingwan Culture of Pearl River Delta in Guangdong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 4.2.5 Maritime Cultural Interactions between the Successive Period of TPK and the Philippines’ Prehistoric Cultures. . . 135 4.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 5 Archaeological Cultures during the Late and Final Neolithic Ages, and Their Maritime Connections (3200–1800 BP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 5.1 Archaeological Cultures during the Late and Final Neolithic Ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 5.1.1 Northern Taiwan: Yuanshan and Botanical Garden Cultures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 5.1.2 Central Taiwan: Yinpu Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 5.1.3 Southern Taiwan: Tahu Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 5.1.4 East Coast: Peinan and Sanhe Cultures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 5.1.5 Successive Development of Late and Final Neolithic Ages of Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 5.2 Maritime Cultural Exchanges and Interactions during the Late and Final Neolithic Ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 5.2.1 Interactions between Late Neolithic Cultures in Taiwan and Coastal Areas of Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 5.2.2 Interactions between Taiwan’s Final Neolithic Age and Baiyue Cultures of Coastal Regions of Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong from the Zhou to Han Dynasties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 5.2.3 The Continued Transmission of Taiwan’s Prehistoric Cultures Southward to the Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 5.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 Contents ix 6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 6.1 Unification and Integration of Pluralistic Prehistoric Cultures on the Island of Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 6.2 Taiwan’s Diverse and Bilateral Maritime Connections . . . . . . . . . 211 6.2.1 Maritime Cultural Connections around the Island of Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 6.2.2 Diverse Maritime Cultural Transmissions between the Mainland and Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 6.2.3 Maritime Cultural Interaction between Taiwan and the Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 6.3 Future Topics Relating to the History of Maritime Cultural Relationships of Neolithic Taiwan in the Asia-Pacific Region . . . . 217 6.3.1 Re-examination of the Cultural Relationships between Indigenous Yue Peoples and Proto-Austronesians . . . . . . . 218 6.3.2 Further Exploration of the Dissemination of Taiwanese Neolithic Cultures to the Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
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New Frontiers in the Neolithic Archaeology of Taiwan (5600–1800 BP)
Language: english
Author: Su-chiu Kuo
Genre: Textbook
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9813292628
Format: PDF
Quality: eBook
Pages count: 241
Description: This book summarizes the systematic research on the Neolithic cultures of Taiwan, based on the latest archaeological discoveries, and focusing on the maritime between mainland southeast China, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia during (5600-1800 BP). The study demonstrates and sheds light on the distinctiveness of Taiwan’s Neolithic cultures, their interactions with the external cultures of its surrounding regions, the maritime cultural diffusion, and early seafaring across sea regions like the Taiwan Strait, Bashi Channel, and the South China Sea.
Drawing on the author’s deep understanding of Taiwan and its surrounding regions, the book also incorporates recent archeological findings by Taiwanese researchers. Further, based on a new reconstruction of the spatiotemporal framework of Taiwanese prehistoric cultures, the chronologically arranged chapters discuss Neolithic cultures of the early,
Contents
Contents1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Taiwan as a Cultural Stepping Stone between Continental
East Asia and the Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 A Review of Research into Taiwan’s Prehistoric Cultures:
From Material Culture to the Origin of Austronesians. . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.1 Early Investigations into the Origins of Material
Cultures by Japanese Scholars in Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.2 Archaeological Research by Scholars from Both Sides
of the Taiwan Strait: Discussion of Cultural Interactions
between Continental Asia and Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2.3 Western Scholars’ Research into the Origins of the
Austronesian Peoples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.3 Methodology and Framework of This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.3.1 Synthesis of Archaeological Materials and Reconstruction
of a Chronology of Prehistoric Cultures of Taiwan . . . . . . 20
1.3.2 Conducting Synchronically Comparative Research on
Mainland-Islands Prehistoric Cultural Interactions . . . . . . . 21
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2 Spatial-Temporal Framework for the Prehistoric Cultures
of Taiwan (5600–1800 BP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.1 Revision of the Spatial-temporal Framework for the Neolithic
Cultures of Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.1.1 Summary of the Cultural Sequence of Neolithic
Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.1.2 Spatial Distribution of Neolithic Cultures in Taiwan . . . . . 31
2.1.3 New Recognition of the Chronology of Taiwan’s
Prehistory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
vii
2.2 Spatial Interaction and Temporal Evolution of Taiwan’s
Neolithic Cultures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
2.2.1 Spatial Patterns of Neolithic Taiwan—The Sub-regional
Cultural Sequences Developing Separately in Northern,
Central, Southern, and Eastern Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
2.2.2 Temporal Sequences of Neolithic Taiwan—Cultural
Commonalities Respectively during the Early, Middle,
Late, and Final Neolithic Ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
2.3.1 Unification of Diverse Cultures in Prehistoric Taiwan . . . . 48
2.3.2 Maritime Cultural Contacts between Taiwan
and External Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3 Archaeological Cultures and Their Maritime Interactions
during the Tapenkeng Period (5600–4200 BP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.1 Archaeological Cultures during the Tapenkeng Period . . . . . . . . . 55
3.1.1 Northern Taiwan: Shuntanpu Early Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.1.2 Central Taiwan: Niumatou Early Culture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
3.1.3 Southern Taiwan: Kuoyeh Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
3.1.4 Eastern Taiwan: Tapenkeng Period Features of the
Yuemei III and Changkuang Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
3.1.5 Commonalities and Regional Characteristics Among
Cultures of Tapenkeng Period in Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
3.2 Maritime Interactions with External Prehistoric Cultures
during the Tapenkeng Period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
3.2.1 Overview of Interactions between Taiwan’s Prehistoric
Cultures and the Southeast Coast of Continental East Asia
during the Tapenkeng Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
3.2.2 Influence of Liangzhu Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
3.2.3 Influence of Lower Layer of Keqiutou Culture and Lower
and Middle Layers of Tanshishan Culture in Fujian . . . . . . 86
3.2.4 Commonalities and Interactions with Xiantouling-Tawan
Culture in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong. . . . . . . . . . . 87
3.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
4 Archaeological Cultures during the Successive Period of TPK
and Their Maritime Connections (4200–3200 BP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
4.1 Archaeological Culture of the Successive Period of TPK . . . . . . . 99
4.1.1 Northern Taiwan: Shuntanpu Late Culture. . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
4.1.2 Central Taiwan: Niumatou Late Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
4.1.3 Southern Taiwan: Niuchoutsu Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
viii Contents
4.1.4 Eastern Taiwan: Takeng and Fushan Cultures . . . . . . . . . . 114
4.1.5 Sustained Development of the Successive
Period of TPK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
4.2 Maritime Interactions and Exchanges during the Successive
Period of TPK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
4.2.1 Maritime Interactions between the Niuchoutsu and
Maqiao Cultures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
4.2.2 Cross Strait Exchange between Shuntanpu Late Culture
and Fujian’s Zhuangbianshan Upper Layer Type . . . . . . . . 129
4.2.3 Exchanges between the Successive Period of TPK
and Southern Fujian Bronze Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
4.2.4 Interactions between the Successive Period of TPK
and Late Baojingwan Culture of Pearl River Delta
in Guangdong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
4.2.5 Maritime Cultural Interactions between the Successive
Period of TPK and the Philippines’ Prehistoric Cultures. . . 135
4.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
5 Archaeological Cultures during the Late and Final Neolithic Ages,
and Their Maritime Connections (3200–1800 BP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
5.1 Archaeological Cultures during the Late and Final Neolithic
Ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
5.1.1 Northern Taiwan: Yuanshan and Botanical Garden
Cultures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
5.1.2 Central Taiwan: Yinpu Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
5.1.3 Southern Taiwan: Tahu Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
5.1.4 East Coast: Peinan and Sanhe Cultures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
5.1.5 Successive Development of Late and Final Neolithic
Ages of Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
5.2 Maritime Cultural Exchanges and Interactions during the Late
and Final Neolithic Ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
5.2.1 Interactions between Late Neolithic Cultures in Taiwan
and Coastal Areas of Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong
During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
5.2.2 Interactions between Taiwan’s Final Neolithic Age
and Baiyue Cultures of Coastal Regions of
Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong from the Zhou to
Han Dynasties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
5.2.3 The Continued Transmission of Taiwan’s Prehistoric
Cultures Southward to the Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
5.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Contents ix
6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
6.1 Unification and Integration of Pluralistic Prehistoric Cultures
on the Island of Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
6.2 Taiwan’s Diverse and Bilateral Maritime Connections . . . . . . . . . 211
6.2.1 Maritime Cultural Connections around the Island
of Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
6.2.2 Diverse Maritime Cultural Transmissions between
the Mainland and Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
6.2.3 Maritime Cultural Interaction between Taiwan and
the Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
6.3 Future Topics Relating to the History of Maritime Cultural
Relationships of Neolithic Taiwan in the Asia-Pacific Region . . . . 217
6.3.1 Re-examination of the Cultural Relationships between
Indigenous Yue Peoples and Proto-Austronesians . . . . . . . 218
6.3.2 Further Exploration of the Dissemination of Taiwanese
Neolithic Cultures to the Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
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